By Dr. Dwight McKenna, Orleans Parish Coroner
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, commonly known as COPD, is a progressive lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe. It is both preventable and treatable, yet it remains a significant cause of illness and death nationwide.
COPD causes persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Unlike asthma, which often has reversible airway obstruction, COPD results in long-term, ongoing impairment of lung function.
Asthma typically begins earlier in life and may be associated with allergies or family history. COPD, on the other hand, is most often diagnosed after age 40 and is usually linked to long-term exposure to harmful irritants.
Risk Factors
The most common risk factors include:
Smoking
Secondhand smoke exposure
Long-term exposure to polluted air
Occupational exposure to dust or chemicals
Indoor air pollution
Living or working in environments with dirty or polluted air increases risk over time.
Signs and Symptoms
Common symptoms of COPD include:
Shortness of breath
Chronic cough
Wheezing
Increased mucus production
Fatigue
Individuals may notice that breathing becomes more difficult during changes in weather, seasonal shifts, or poor air quality. Tasks such as carrying heavy loads, yard work, or walking long distances may become increasingly challenging.
If you find that you tire more easily than others your age, or your breathing limits daily activities, medical evaluation is essential.
Common Conditions Associated with COPD
COPD often occurs alongside other serious medical conditions, including:
Cardiovascular disease
Osteoporosis
Respiratory infections
Anxiety and depression
Diabetes
Lung cancer
Bronchiectasis.
Why This Matters
COPD is a chronic disease that worsens over time if not properly managed. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve quality of life and slow disease progression.
“As Coroner, I see firsthand how chronic lung disease, particularly in individuals with a history of smoking or environmental exposure, can contribute to preventable deaths,” says Dr. Dwight McKenna. “COPD often develops gradually, and many people ignore early warning signs. Seeking care early and avoiding harmful exposures can make a significant difference.”
Protecting lung health is essential to overall well-being and long-term survival. Dr. McKenna encourages residents to:
Stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
Limit exposure to environmental pollutants
Seek evaluation for persistent cough or shortness of breath
Stay up to date on recommended vaccinations
Work with a healthcare provider to manage chronic lung conditions